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This study researched the role of directors appointed shortly before the COVID-19 lockdown. Interviews were held with directors from eight elementary schools at a socio-educational disadvantage, and content analysis was used to discover their decisions for addressing the contingency. The results show that some schools were able to attain the minimum conditions for operating in the emergency, and demonstrated a concern for improving pedagogical aspects. Readiness for change was the greatest when the director first mobilized an emotional component, enabling concrete actions. The conclusion is that the organizational cultures best prepared for change responded with greater ease to the director's proposals, especially when they had a pedagogical focus. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] Este artículo indagó en el rol de directoras(es) recién nombrados en sus cargos justo antes del confinamiento por la COVID-19. Mediante entrevistas a directoras(es) de ocho escuelas básicas en condición de desventaja socioeducativa, se realizó un análisis de contenido para conocer sus decisiones para enfrentar la contingencia. Los resultados muestran que algunas escuelas lograron armonizar las condiciones mínimas para operar en la emergencia y una preocupación por mejorar aspectos pedagógicos. La preparación para el cambio fue mayor en los casos en que primero el director(a) movilizó un componente emocional, lo que posibilitó realizar acciones concretas. Se concluye que las culturas organizacionales mejor preparadas para el cambio pudieron responder con mayor facilidad a la propuesta del director(a), sobre todo cuando estuvo marcada por un foco pedagógico. (Spanish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Investigación Educativa is the property of Consejo Mexicano de Investigacion Educativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
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This paper explores the leadership styles of fourteen elected female politicians in executive government positions, as communicated through the official Instagram accounts that were in use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Seven of them are, or were, heads of government, six are or were mayors, and one is the president of an autonomous region in Spain. These women are Angela Merkel (Germany), Jacinda Ardern (New Zealand), Sanna Marin (Finland), Mette Frederiksen (Denmark), Erna Solberg (Norway), Katrin Jakobsdottir (Iceland), Tsai Ing-Wen (Taiwan), Anne Hidalgo (Paris), Virginia Raggi (Rome), Ada Colau (Barcelona), Claudia López (Bogotá), Claudia Sheinbaum (Mexico City), London Breed (San Francisco) and Isabel Díaz Ayuso (Madrid Region). A comparative content analysis of 2,330 units was conducted over a 6-month period. The study analyses the hard or soft leadership style conveyed by the women politicians selected in relation to four variables: political ideology, generational affiliation, level of government and techniques used in communication. The results show that the values of the variables affect leadership styles;therefore, the assumption that all female politicians have a single leadership style is erroneous and related to gender stereotyping. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] Este trabajo realiza una exploración de los estilos de liderazgo comunicados en las cuentas oficiales de Instagram por catorce mujeres políticas electas en cargos gubernamentales ejecutivos, con actuación durante la pandemia de la COVID-19. Siete son o han sido jefas de gobierno, seis alcaldesas, y una presidenta de una comunidad autónoma en España. Ellas son Angela Merkel (Alemania), Jacinda Ardern (Nueva Zelanda), Sanna Marin (Finlandia), Mette Frederiksen (Dinamarca), Erna Solberg (Noruega), Katrin Jakobsdottir (Islandia), Tsai Ing-Wen (Taiwan), Anne Hidalgo (París), Virginia Raggi (Roma), Ada Colau (Barcelona), Claudia López (Bogotá), Claudia Sheinbaum (Ciudad de México), London Breed (San Francisco) e Isabel Díaz Ayuso (Comunidad de Madrid). La técnica de investigación utilizada es el análisis comparado y de contenido aplicado a 2.330 unidades de análisis durante un periodo de seis meses. El estudio analiza el estilo de liderazgo duro o blando comunicado por las lideresas con relación a cuatro variables: ideología política, pertenencia generacional, nivel de gobierno y técnicas usadas en la comunicación. Los resultados evidencian que los valores de las variables afectan a los estilos de liderazgo, por tanto, la suposición de que las mujeres políticas tienen un único estilo de liderazgo es errónea y atiende a un estereotipo de género. (Spanish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Comunicar is the property of Grupo Comunicar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
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La crise pandémique de la Covid-19 a constitué une situation adverse pour tous les acteurs du monde économique. En mobilisant le concept de leadership entrepreneurial, cet article vise à analyser les actions organisationnelles et les postures de leadership adoptées par des dirigeantes expérimentées pour garantir la continuité de leur activité économique, voire assurer la survie de leur entreprise. Nous chercherons à montrer que leurs actions et pratiques ne sont pas univoques. Elles se caractérisent, au contraire, par une forme de contingence traversée par des champs de tension et un subtil équilibre entre décisions stratégiques d'exploitation et d'exploration et une mise en oeuvre stratégique reposant tant sur des processus opératoires que relationnels. En filigrane, ce travail de recherche nous permettra de saisir les contours d'une forme singulière de leadership entrepreneurial lié aux situations de crise. Nous questionnerons également les limites de l'usage de la notion de genre pour appréhender les comportements entrepreneuriaux et les processus de décision déployés par les entrepreneures dans des contextes d'adversité.Alternate :The Covid-19 pandemic crisis was an adverse situation for all economic actors. By mobilising the concept of entrepreneurial leadership, this article aims to analyse the organisational actions and leadership postures adopted by senior women managers to guarantee the continuity of their economic activity, and even, to ensure the survival of their company. We will try to show that their actions and practices are not univocal. They are characterised, on the contrary, by a form of contingency crossed by fields of tension and a subtle balance between strategic decisions of exploitation and exploration, and a strategic implementation based on both operational and relational processes. This research work will allow us to grasp the contours of a singular form of entrepreneurial leadership linked to the crisis. We will also question the limits of the use of the notion of gender to apprehend entrepreneurial behaviours and decision-making processes deployed by women entrepreneurs in contexts of adversity.Alternate :La crisis de la pandemia Covid-19 fue una situación adversa para todos los actores económicos. Movilizando el concepto de liderazgo empresarial, este artículo pretende analizar las acciones organizativas y las posturas de liderazgo adoptadas por las altas directivas para garantizar la continuidad de su actividad económica, e incluso, simplemente, para asegurar la supervivencia de su empresa. Intentaremos demostrar que sus acciones y prácticas no son unívocas. Se caracterizan, por el contrario, por una forma de contingencia atravesada por campos de tensión y un sutil equilibrio entre las decisiones estratégicas de explotación y exploración, y una implementación estratégica basada en procesos tanto operativos como relacionales. Este trabajo de investigación nos permitirá captar los contornos de una forma singular de liderazgo empresarial vinculada a las situaciones de crisis. También cuestionaremos los límites del uso de la noción de género para aprehender los comportamientos empresariales y los procesos de toma de decisiones desplegados por las empresarias en contextos de adversidad.
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Related Articles As COVID‐19 cases and deaths mounted globally in the spring of 2020, the news media presented a narrative that women heads of government were more successful at handling the pandemic, sparking a scholarly debate. We take an in‐depth look at two of the headline women‐led cases (New Zealand and Iceland) to identify critical junctures and crucial actors in the policy‐making process. Our research questions are as follows: What main factors comprised the executive decision‐making process and approach to COVID‐19 management in New Zealand and Iceland, and to what extent do these factors intersect with prevailing gender stereotypes of feminine leadership? We conducted elite interviews with senior politicians and civil servants in New Zealand and Iceland and found that consensus‐oriented governance, honest and frequent communication with the public, agile and adaptive institutions, deference to scientific advice, collective and decisive action, and policies guided by empathy and humility have proved critical in these cases, and that many of these factors are associated with stereotypically feminine leadership traits.Jalalzai, Farida. 2006. “Women Candidates and the Media: 1992‐2000 Elections.” Politics & Policy 34(3): 606–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2006.00030.x.Malmberg, Fredrik G., and Henrik Serup Christensen. 2021. “Voting Women, Protesting Men: A Multilevel Analysis of Corruption, Gender, and Political Participation.” Politics & Policy 49(1): 126–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12393.Martin, James Richard. 2018. “Consensus Builders? The Influence of Female Cabinet Ministers on the Duration of Parliamentary Governments.” Politics & Policy 46(4): 630–52. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12266. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR]
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INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The outbreak of COVID-19 has overwhelmed healthcare systems all over the world. The aim of this article is to describe the process of transforming the Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, the second largest hospital in Spain, into a COVID-19 centre coordinating response to the pandemic in its reference area. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study draws on the experience of the authors in transforming the hospital into a comprehensive resource in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The strategy is based on four central strategies: early planning, coordination of all healthcare agents in its reference area, definition of clear leadership roles, and the organisation of care based on multidisciplinary teams with minimal recruitment of new staff. RESULTS: The transformation strategy enabled the hospital to cope with the surge in patients without exceeding its capacity. During the response phases, which amounted to a period of 57 days, 3106 patients consulted the ER and 2054 were admitted, 346 of whom were treated at the ICU. To accommodate the number of adult COVID-19 patients, adult ICU availability was progressive increased by 371%, and ordinary beds increased by 240. A total of 671 staff members went on sick leave after testing positive for COVID-19. CONCLUSION: The transformation experience of the hospital provides insight into how effectively adapt the structures and functioning of large hospitals. The relevance of territorial coordination during the pandemic is stressed as an effective strategy that contributed coping the pandemic.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Adult , COVID-19/epidemiology , Hospitals, University , Humans , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2 , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented health crisis. Pressure on the National Health System has created unique demand particularly in certain services and care units like the critical care units. OBJECTIVE: To learn about the experience of nurses in caring for people with coronavirus in critical care units. METHOD: A qualitative phenomenological study that constitutes the second phase of a mixed methodology project. We conducted interviews with 17 nurses caring for patients affected by COVID-19 in critical care units. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed using thematic discourse analysis. RESULTS: This article shows the findings around the theme "the value of human resources" which is nuanced through sub-themes "it's not the beds, it's the expert staff", "shouldering the patient's burden", and suffering because "they have not cared well". DISCUSSION: Expert nurses have emerged as leading professionals in the care of the critical patient during the COVID-19 pandemic. This leadership is executed from a profile framed in an inclusive philosophy where wisdom, agility and intuition are the key elements underpinning problem identification and solving in a creative way, while adapting to the needs of the patient and healthcare team as they emerge. CONCLUSIONS: Expert nurses have played an advanced role in the management of care and human resources by exercising effective leadership in the clinical setting. Care has been hampered due to the crisis, which causes nurses moral distress because they have been unable to meet standards of quality and excellence in care.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Critical Care Nursing , Critical Care , Humans , Intensive Care Units , PandemicsABSTRACT
Introducción: El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido analizar la relación entre un estilo de liderazgo adaptativo y el desempeño laboral de una organización del sector eléctrico colombiano dentro del contexto COVID19. Metodología: diseño no experimental, transversal y correlacional con un enfoque cuantitativo. Resultados: Los principales resultados obtenidos son los siguientes: se establecen relaciones significativas de 0,814;0,688;0.719 y 0,642 entre la variable independiente y la variable completa dependiente desempeño organizacional junto con sus tres dimensiones de estudio, abordar un desafío adaptativo, gestionar un cambio adaptativo e influir durante un reto adaptativo, confirmándose además un incremento en la percepción de desempeño laboral del 96% de las personas encuestadas.Alternate : Introduction: The objective of this research has been to analyze the relationship between an adaptive leadership style and the job performance of an organization in the Colombian electricity sector within the COVID19 context. Methodology: non-experimental, cross-sectional and correlational design with a quantitative approach. Results: The main results obtained are the following: significant relationships of 0.814 are established;0.688;0.719 and 0.642 between the independent variable and the full dependent variable organizational performance along with its three study dimensions, address an adaptive challenge, manage an adaptive change and influence during an adaptive challenge, also confirming an increase in the perception of work performance of 96 % of people surveyed.
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La pandemia del COVID-19 ha expuesto falencias y vulnerabilidades en todo el mundo y ha advertido la demanda de más cooperación y compromiso por parte de los países para enfrentar los riesgos y desafíos globales. Sin embargo, no todas las naciones están en condiciones de asumir estas exigencias. En América Latina, duramente golpeada por la pandemia, Venezuela aparece como uno de los factores más críticos. El COVID-19 ha llegado a un país cuyo deterioro institucional y económico supera las dos décadas de acentuado declive. Sus instituciones democráticas se encuentran entre las peor evaluadas del planeta y su situación económica y social se ha expresado dramáticamente en el éxodo masivo de venezolanos. En este artículo se presenta un diagnóstico muy general de lo que podría llamarse «el factor Venezuela» en el contexto regional bajo el prisma del COVID-19.